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The American College of Surgeons was the accrediting body for hospitals until the Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Hospitals was created in 1951.

The Beth Israel Hospital was founded in New York City in 1889. Initially established to serve the Lower East Side's growing population of Eastern European Jewish immigrants, the Hospital grew into a major charitable hospital serving patients of all backgrounds. In the 1890s it was based out of existing structures on the Lower East Side, but in 1902 the Hospital moved to a purpose-built hospital building on Jefferson and Cherry Streets, and in 1929 it relocated to its present location on East 17th Street. In the ensuing years the Hospital affiliated with numerous other medical institutions and expanded its 17th Street campus through the construction of new buildings and the purchase of adjacent structures, including the neighboring Manhattan General Hospital. In 1965 the institution was renamed the Beth Israel Medical Center to reflect this growth. In 1997, Beth Israel joined several other New York City hospitals in the establishment of Continuum Health Partners, a multi-hospital system. Following the merger of Continuum Health Partners and The Mount Sinai Medical Center in 2013, Beth Israel became a part of the newly established Mount Sinai Health System. It was renamed Mount Sinai Beth Israel the following year.

Astoria General Hospital was established in 1949. The hospital was originally located in a building that had been built in 1895 to house the (institutionally unrelated) Astoria Hospital

Mount Sinai School of Medicine affiliated with the City Hospital Center at Elmhurst, a part of the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation, in July 1964. This public hospital dates back to 1832 when it was known as the Charity Hospital on today's Roosevelt Island. In 1860, the name was changed to City Hospital. The hospital moved to Elmhurst Queens in 1957 and was re-named the City Hospital Center at Elmhurst. In the early 1990s, the name of the hospital changed to Elmhurst Hospital Center.

The Dazian Foundation for Medical Research was created by the estate of Henry Dazian. His will stated that the mission of the Foundation was to have as "its fundamental and primary purpose the advancement of medical and allied scientific knowledge." A further definition of its objects and purposes is set forth in directions that the income be applied in part (1) for the creation of fellowships "to consist of post-graduate education along specialized lines in some science or subject directly or indirectly associated with medical science for persons already possessing a degree of doctor of medicine," and (2) in making contributions "to laboratories, hospitals or similar institutions not operated for profit, to be used in research or investigation for the advancement of medical or allied scientific knowledge." Many of the individuals on the Board of the Foundation were members of the Medical Staff of The Mount Sinai Hospital, and former members of the Hospital house staff received Fellowships. The Foundation supported Fellows in Latin American countries and some Fellows later went on to win Nobel Prizes.

Fund created to give awards to support fellowships and/or scholarships to individuals to pursue research for the advancement of medical or allied scientific fields. The Fund was underwritten by Dr. Libman, a long-time member of the Department of Medicine at The Mount Sinai Hospital. Most of the Fund Board members were also affiliated with Mount Sinai.

The Hiroshima Maidens were a group of 25 Japanese women who were injured by the nuclear bomb dropped on Hiroshima in 1945. In 1955, they were brought to The Mount Sinai Hospital and underwent several operations to ameliorate the injuries they still suffered from the bombing. As part of this project, organized by Norman Cousins, Japanese doctors also came to Mount Sinai to receive training in modern plastic surgery. The Mount Sinai physicians involved in this effort include: William Hitzig, Arthur Barsky, and Bernard Simon. The project ended in 1956.